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The Colognian declension system describes how the Colognian language alters words to reflect their roles in Colognian sentences, such as subject, direct object, indirect object, agent, patient, etc. Declension allows speakers to mark a difference between subjects, direct objects, indirect objects, possessives, and so on by changing the form of nouns or associated adjectives or articles instead of indicating this meaning through word order or prepositions, although also this happens in Colognian. Still, Colognian makes generally only limited use of word order, shifting words around does either not alter the meanings of sentences, or yields other types of sentences having different meanings but keeps the roles of the referents of the words as long as their declined forms are kept. Colognian is a predominantly fusional language. It marks its articles, adjectives, nouns, pronouns, and more to distinguish gender, case, and number. Colognian today distinguishes between five cases, they are nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and vocative. There are two kinds of genitive. Both are periphrastic. One is normally positioned before, the other always behind the noun or noun phrase it refers to. There are three grammatical genders in Colognian, the feminine, masculine, and neuter gender. Almost all nouns have fixed genders, but there is a class of them that may switch from predominant neuter to feminine on certain occasions. They almost always refer to female persons. Colognian shares this property with a huge group of local and vernacular languages almost along the entire river Rhine. There are grammatical numbers singular, and plural in Colognian. Few individual words implicitly have either singular forms only or plural forms only and cannot be marked the other, but almost all nouns exhibit either forms. Colognian has three grammatical persons, 1st person, 2nd person, and 3rd person. The plural form of the 1st person makes no semantic or formal distinction so as to differentiate between inclusion or exclusion of a 2nd person or a 3rd person, i.e. it always means: "me, but not me alone". == Articles == Colognian grammatical articles come in several flavours: # stressed definite articles, or demonstrative articles, which are ' (the, this, that) # unstressed definite articles, that are ' (the) # indefinite articles, they are ' (a, an, ∅) # possessive articles, which are ' (her, his, its, my, our, their, your) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Colognian declension」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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